Shimabara Rebellion in 1637

The site is located in Minami-arima in Minami-Shimabara-city

and the Battle field of Shimabara Rebellion which was a peasant uprising against bakufu’s

persecution of Christians under the leadership of Amakusa Shiro in 1637.

It was founded by Arima Takazumi in 1496 and was a flat castle with a fortress naturally created

both by the cliff facing Ariake Sea and the tide coming in. This Castle was abandoned since

Matsudaira Shigemasa, the load of Shimabara, built Shimabara Castle after the rupture of Arima

family ties.

Christian farmers rose in a riot due to their grievance about the oppression by Matsukura

Shigemasa. The Shogunate regarded this riot as Christian rebellion and sent its punitive force,

therefore locked themselves in the castle and with their leader Amakusa Shiro Tokisada fought

against the Shogunate.

On February 27, 1638, he died in battle. The following day, the castle fell. 37,000 Christians

including women and children died a violent death.

It is registered on the UNESCO World Heritage as Hidden Christian Sites in the

Nagasaki Region in 2018.